语法

语法点：过去进行时 (Past Continuous)

过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，常用来给另一个动作提供"背景"：当一件事正在进行时（进行时），另一件事突然发生了（一般过去时）。本课讲公交车司机 Roy 抓小偷的故事：他"正开车"时看见小偷跑出来，小偷"正要逃走"时他撞了上去，破车"正开走"时他打电话报警。这种"背景动作 + 突发动作"的搭配是过去进行时最常见的用法，多与 when、while、as 连用。

结构

形式	结构	例句
肯定	主语 + was / were + 动词-ing	He was driving along Catford Street.
否定	主语 + was / were + not + 动词-ing	He was not driving fast.
一般疑问	Was / Were + 主语 + 动词-ing？	Was he driving a bus?
与从句搭配	When / While / As + 过去进行时, 一般过去时	As the thieves were trying to get away, Roy drove his bus into the back of it.

when + 一般过去时（短动作），主句过去进行时：He was driving when he saw two thieves.
while / as + 过去进行时（长动作），主句一般过去时：While the car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus.

课文中的例句

[句 4] When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. — was driving 是背景动作，saw 是突然发生的动作
[句 5] One of them was carrying a bag full of money. — 描写当时正在进行的状态：一个小偷正提着钱袋
[句 8] As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. — as + 过去进行时表示"正当……时"，主句用一般过去时
[句 9] While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. — while + 过去进行时，主句两个并列的一般过去时动作
[句 3] He is finding his new work far more exciting. — 对比：现在进行时，表示"现阶段正觉得"

补充例句

When I saw Roy, he was driving his bus. 我看见 Roy 的时候，他正在开公交车。
While the thieves were running towards the car, Roy acted quickly. 小偷正朝汽车跑的时候，Roy 迅速采取了行动。
What were you doing at eight o'clock last night? 昨晚八点你在干什么？

易错点

❌ When he drove along Catford Street, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop. → ✅ When he was driving along Catford Street, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop. "正在开车"是背景动作，要用过去进行时。
❌ As the thieves were trying to get away, Roy was driving his bus into the back of it. → ✅ As the thieves were trying to get away, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. 突然发生的短动作用一般过去时，不用进行时。
❌ One of them were carrying a bag full of money. → ✅ One of them was carrying a bag full of money. 主语是 one，be 动词用 was。
❌ While the car moving away, Roy stopped his bus. → ✅ While the car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus. 过去进行时不能省略 was / were。

逐句语法分析 · 11 句

1Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi.
罗伊·特雷顿过去开出租车。
过去习惯 used to (Past Habit) · 主语 + used to + 动词原形 + 宾语
- used to do 表示过去常做而现在不做的事
- used to 后接动词原形
used to drive a taxi 说明 Roy 以前开出租车，暗示现在不开了。
2A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he has not regretted it.
然而，不久前他当上了公共汽车司机，而且他对此并不后悔。
一般过去时 + 现在完成时 (Simple Past + Present Perfect) · 时间状语, however, 主语 + became + 名词 + and + 主语 + has not + 过去分词 + 宾语
- A short while ago 是过去时间，配 became
- has not regretted 表示到现在为止都没后悔
- however 作插入语表转折
前半句讲过去的改变，后半句用现在完成时讲一直持续到现在的态度。
3He is finding his new work far more exciting.
他发现新工作有趣得多。
现在进行时 (Present Continuous) · 主语 + is finding + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
- find + 宾语 + 形容词，表示"觉得……"
- far more exciting 中 far 加强比较级
现在进行时表示现阶段的感受，与后文的过去进行时形成对比。
4When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car.
最近，他开车沿着凯特福德街行驶时，看见两个小偷从一家商店里冲出来，朝一辆等候着的汽车跑去。
过去进行时 + 一般过去时 (Past Continuous + Simple Past) · When + 主语 + was driving + 状语, 主语 + saw + 宾语 + 动词原形 (rush / run)
- was driving 是背景动作，saw 是突发动作
- see sb. do sth.：感官动词后接不带 to 的不定式
- a waiting car 中 waiting 作定语
本课语法点的典型例句：正在开车时看见了小偷。
5One of them was carrying a bag full of money.
其中一个人提着一个装满了钱的提包。
过去进行时 (Past Continuous) · One of them + was carrying + 宾语 + 后置定语
- 主语 one of them 是单数，用 was
- full of money 作后置定语修饰 a bag
描写当时正在进行的状态，为下文"扔掉钱袋"埋伏笔。
6Roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves.
罗伊反应迅速，开着公共汽车直接朝那两个小偷冲去。
一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 主语 + acted + 副词 + and + drove + 宾语 + straight at + 宾语
- acted 和 drove 是两个并列的过去时动作
- drive sth. straight at 表示"径直朝……开去"
Roy 的反应是短促、连续的动作，用一般过去时叙述。
7The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.
拿钱的那个人吓了一大跳，把提包掉在了地上。
一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 主语 + got + such a + 名词 + that 结果状语从句
- such a fright that… 表示"吓得……以至于"
- The one with the money 用介词短语指明是哪一个小偷
such… that 引导结果状语从句，主从句都用一般过去时。
8As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it.
当那两个小偷正要开车逃跑时，罗伊把公共汽车撞在了他们汽车的尾部。
过去进行时 + 一般过去时 (Past Continuous + Simple Past) · As + 主语 + were trying + to do, 主语 + drove + 宾语 + into + 宾语
- as + 过去进行时表示"正当……的时候"
- 主语 the thieves 是复数，用 were
- get away 表示"逃跑"
小偷正试图逃走（背景），Roy 撞了上去（突发），典型的时态搭配。
9While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police.
在那辆被撞坏的汽车驶离时，罗伊停下公共汽车，打电话报了警。
过去进行时 + 一般过去时 (Past Continuous + Simple Past) · While + 主语 + was moving away, 主语 + stopped + 宾语 + and + telephoned + 宾语
- while + 过去进行时表示持续的背景动作
- battered 是过去分词作定语，"撞坏的"
- stopped 和 telephoned 并列
破车正在开走时，Roy 停车并报警，主句两个并列的一般过去时动作。
10The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize.
小偷的汽车损坏严重，很容易辨认。
一般过去时被动语态 (Simple Past Passive) · 主语 + was + badly damaged + and + easy to recognize
- was badly damaged 是被动语态，副词 badly 修饰 damaged
- easy to recognize：形容词 + 不定式
thieves' 是复数名词所有格。car 是"被撞坏"的对象，用被动。
11Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.
不久之后，警察拦住了那辆汽车，两个人都被逮捕了。
一般过去时 (Simple Past + Passive) · 时间状语, 主语 + stopped + 宾语 + and + 主语 + were arrested
- Shortly afterwards 表示"不久之后"
- were arrested 是被动，执行者是警察，不必说出
- both men 是复数，用 were
前半句主动，后半句被动，叙述故事结局。

练习 · 44 题

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总计 0/44

选择正确的动词形式
1. When he ____ along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop.
选择正确的动词形式
2. One of them ____ a bag full of money.
选择正确的动词形式
3. As the thieves ____ to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it.
选择正确的动词形式
4. While the battered car was moving away, Roy ____ his bus and telephoned the police.
选择正确的连词
5. ____ the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus.
选择正确的动词形式
6. Roy ____ quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves.
选择正确的动词形式
7. Roy Trenton ____ drive a taxi.
选择正确的动词形式
8. He saw two thieves ____ out of a shop and run towards a waiting car.
选择正确的词语
9. The one with the money got ____ a fright that he dropped the bag.
选择正确的词语
10. He became a bus driver and he has not ____ it.