语法

使役结构 have something done (Causative have)

语法点：使役结构 have something done (Causative have)

当我们不是自己做某事，而是请别人（工人、专业人员）来做时，用 have + 宾语 + 过去分词。比较：I repaired the car（我自己修）和 I had the car repaired（我请人修）。过去分词表示宾语"被"处理，动作的执行者通常不说出来。have 可以按需要变成任何时态，也可以跟在 will、be going to、need to 等后面。本课法国当局 had the plane packaged and moved，爱好者们 are going to have the plane restored、need to have three of them rebuilt，都是请别人来做。

结构

时态 / 形式	例句
一般过去时	The French authorities had the plane packaged.
be going to	They are going to have the plane restored.
will / need to	They will need to have three engines rebuilt.
一般现在时	I have my hair cut every month.
否定 / 疑问	They didn't have it moved. / Did they have it moved?

要点：1) 语序固定：have + 宾语 + 过去分词；2) 过去分词不随时态变化，变的是 have；3) get something done 意思相同，口语更常用。

课文中的例句

[句 5] The French authorities had the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France. — had + the plane + packaged and moved：请人打包并运回
[句 6] Now a group of enthusiasts are going to have the plane restored. — be going to have + 宾语 + 过去分词：打算请人修复
[句 7] It has four Rolls-Royce Merlin engines but the group will need to have only three of them rebuilt. — need to have + 宾语 + 过去分词：只需请人重装三台
[句 3] …the plane was accidentally rediscovered in an aerial survey of the island. — 普通被动语态，与使役结构对比：主语本身被发现

补充例句

They had the engines rebuilt by a group of enthusiasts. — 他们请一群爱好者重装了发动机。
We are going to have the wreck moved back to France next year. — 我们打算明年把残骸运回法国。
I must have my old car repaired before the survey. — 我必须在勘测前把旧车送去修。

易错点

❌ They had the plane restore. → ✅ They had the plane restored. — 宾语后面必须用过去分词，表示"被修复"。
❌ They had restored the plane. → ✅ They had the plane restored. — 语序不能颠倒：had restored 是过去完成时，意思变成"他们自己修好了"。
❌ They are going to have the plane to restore. → ✅ They are going to have the plane restored. — 不能用不定式，请人做事用过去分词。
❌ The plane was had restored. → ✅ The plane was restored. — have something done 本身不再变被动。

逐句语法分析 · 9 句

1In 1963 a Lancaster bomber crashed on Wallis Island, a remote place in the South Pacific, a long way west of Samoa.
1963年，一架兰开斯特轰炸机在瓦立斯岛坠毁。那是南太平洋上一个偏远的地方，位于萨摩亚群岛以西很远的地方。
一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 时间状语 + 主语 + crashed + 地点状语（含同位语）
- In 1963 明确的过去时间
- a remote place… 是 Wallis Island 的同位语
crashed 用过去式；后面一长串是对地点的补充说明，主干很短。
2The plane wasn't too badly damaged, but over the years the crash was forgotten and the wreck remained undisturbed.
飞机损坏得不算太严重，但是年复一年，这次坠机事件被遗忘了，飞机残骸也一直没有被动过。
一般过去时（含被动） · 主语 + wasn't + 过去分词, but + 被动句 and + 主语 + remained + 形容词
- was forgotten 被动语态
- remained undisturbed 系动词 + 过去分词作表语
三个分句都是过去时；over the years 表示多年间逐渐被遗忘。
3Then in 1989, twenty-six years after the crash, the plane was accidentally rediscovered in an aerial survey of the island.
后来，在1989年，也就是坠机26年之后，这架飞机在对该岛的一次航空勘测中被意外地重新发现。
一般过去时（被动语态） · 时间状语 + 主语 + was + 副词 + 过去分词 + 方式状语
- was rediscovered 被动语态
- accidentally 放在 be 与过去分词之间
飞机是被人发现的，所以用被动；twenty-six years after 补充说明时间。
4By this time, a Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition was rare and worth rescuing.
到这时，状况尚好的兰开斯特轰炸机已经很稀少，值得抢救。
一般过去时 (Simple Past) · By this time + 主语 + was + 形容词 and worth + 动名词
- worth doing 值得做
- By this time 到这个时候
worth 后接动名词 rescuing；rare 和 worth rescuing 并列作表语。
5The French authorities had the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France.
法国当局让人把飞机包装起来，拆成部件运回法国。
一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 主语 + had + 宾语 + 过去分词 and 过去分词 + 状语
- had the plane packaged and moved 使役结构
- 两个过去分词共用一个宾语
本课核心句型：法国当局请人打包并运回飞机，自己不动手。
6Now a group of enthusiasts are going to have the plane restored.
现在，一群热心人打算把这架飞机修复。
be going to（将来） · 主语 + are going to have + 宾语 + 过去分词
- a group of enthusiasts 视为复数用 are
- have the plane restored 请人修复
be going to 表示计划；have + 宾语 + 过去分词表示请人来做。
7It has four Rolls-Royce Merlin engines but the group will need to have only three of them rebuilt.
它有4台罗尔斯·罗伊斯梅林发动机，但这群人只需要重造其中3台。
一般现在时 + 一般将来时 · 主语 + has + 宾语, but + 主语 + will need to have + 宾语 + 过去分词
- will need to have… rebuilt 将来需要请人重装
- only three of them 其中三台
前半句陈述事实，后半句用 will need to + 使役结构说明将来的安排。
8Imagine their surprise and delight when they broke open the packing cases and found that the fourth engine was sweet as honey--still in perfect condition.
想象一下，当他们撬开包装箱，发现第4台发动机像蜜一样甜——仍然处于完好状态时，他们该是多么惊讶和欣喜。
祈使句 + 一般过去时 · Imagine + 宾语 + when 时间从句（broke… and found that 从句）
- Imagine 祈使句开头，请读者想象
- found that… was 宾语从句
when 从句描述他们打开箱子的时刻，that 从句说明发现的内容。
9A colony of bees had turned the engine into a hive and it was totally preserved in beeswax!
一群蜜蜂把发动机变成了蜂房，它被完全封存在蜂蜡里了！
过去完成时 + 一般过去时（被动） · 主语 + had turned + 宾语 + into…, and + 主语 + was + 过去分词
- had turned 过去完成时，发生在发现之前
- was preserved 被动语态
蜜蜂筑巢发生在发现之前，用过去完成时；引擎被蜂蜡保存，用被动。

练习 · 44 题

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总计 0/44

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1. The French authorities ____ the plane packaged and moved back to France.
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2. Now a group of enthusiasts are going to have the plane ____.
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3. The group will need to ____ only three of the engines rebuilt.
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4. They ____ rebuilt by a group of enthusiasts last year.
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5. I must ____ before the survey.
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6. The plane wasn't too badly ____ in the crash.
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7. Twenty-six years after the crash, the plane ____ in an aerial survey.
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8. By this time, a Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition was rare and worth ____.
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9. A colony of bees ____ the engine into a hive before it was found.
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10. The fourth engine was sweet as honey—still in perfect ____.