should / ought to 与 should have done (should & ought to)

出现在 2 课

  1. Lesson 65Jumbo Versus the Police小象对警察

    should 和 ought to 都表示"应该",用来给建议、说明义务或谈论正确的做法,语气比 must 弱。两者意思几乎一样,ought to 稍正式,后面必须带 to。要说"过去本应该做某事,但实际上没做",就用 should have done / ought to have done,这种说法带有责备或后悔的语气。本课马戏团老板骑着小象上大街,警察说他 should have known、ought to have gone along a side street,正是在责备他没做该做的事。

  2. Lesson 89A Slip of the Tongue口误

    should 和 ought to 都表示“应该”,用来提出建议、说明义务或表达“按理说会怎样”的推测,两者意思基本相同,ought to 语气略正式。should have done / ought to have done 则指向过去:本该做而没做,或本不该发生却发生了,常带有责备或遗憾的语气。与之相对的 need not have done 表示“本来不必做(却做了)”。本课讲一场糟糕的喜剧演出,很多本该登台的演员没来,观众本来不必失望,正是 should have appeared 和 need not have felt 的典型用法。