语法点：no sooner…than / hardly…when 与倒装 (No sooner / Hardly)
no sooner … than 和 hardly … when 都表示“一……就……”，强调第一件事刚做完，第二件事马上就发生了。第一件事（先发生的）用过去完成时 had done，第二件事（紧接着发生的）用一般过去时 did。这个句型有两种写法：正常语序 I had no sooner got back than the doorbell rang；或者把 no sooner / hardly 提到句首，这时主语和助动词 had 必须倒装：No sooner had I got back than the doorbell rang。本课作者刚回到厨房门铃就响了，用的正是 had no sooner … than。
结构
| 写法 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 正常语序 | 主语 + had no sooner + 过去分词 + than + 主语 + 动词过去式 | I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang. |
| 句首倒装 | No sooner + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + than + 主语 + 动词过去式 | No sooner had I got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang. |
| 正常语序 | 主语 + had hardly + 过去分词 + when + 主语 + 动词过去式 | I had hardly picked up the receiver when I recognized the voice. |
| 句首倒装 | Hardly + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when + 主语 + 动词过去式 | Hardly had I picked up the receiver when I recognized the voice. |
记忆要点：no sooner 配 than，hardly 配 when；前半句 had done，后半句 did；放在句首要倒装。
课文中的例句
- [句 11] I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang loud enough to wake the dead. — 本课核心句：had no sooner got back（先）… than the doorbell rang（紧接着）
- [句 6] At exactly that moment, the telephone rang. — 用 at exactly that moment 表示“就在那时”，可改写为 I had hardly started mixing when the telephone rang
- [句 8] I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Helen Bates. — 两个连续的过去动作，可用 No sooner had I picked up the receiver than I recognized the voice 表达“一拿起就认出”
- [句 2] It was still early when I returned home. — 普通的 when 时间状语从句，与 hardly … when 中的 when 不同，注意区分
补充例句
- No sooner had I hung up the receiver than the doorbell rang. — 我刚挂上电话，门铃就响了。
- I had hardly sent the children to school when my husband came home. — 我刚把孩子送到学校，丈夫就回家了。
- Hardly had she finished the meat pies when the postman arrived. — 她刚做完肉馅饼，邮递员就到了。
易错点
- ❌ I had no sooner got back to the kitchen when the doorbell rang. → ✅ I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang. — no sooner 必须和 than 搭配，hardly 才和 when 搭配。
- ❌ No sooner I had got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang. → ✅ No sooner had I got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang. — no sooner 放在句首时，主语和 had 要倒装。
- ❌ No sooner had I got back to the kitchen than the doorbell had rung. → ✅ No sooner had I got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang. — than / when 后面的动作用一般过去时，不用过去完成时。
- ❌ Hardly I had picked up the receiver when I recognized the voice. → ✅ Hardly had I picked up the receiver when I recognized the voice. — hardly 放句首同样要倒装。