语法

将来时态综合 (Future Forms Review)

语法点:将来时态综合 (Future Forms Review)

英语里表示将来有好几种方法,选择哪一种取决于说话人的态度。will + 动词原形 表示预测或临时的决定;will be doing(将来进行时)表示将来某一时刻正在进行或按计划自然会发生的事;be going to 表示已有的打算或有迹象的预测;现在进行时(is coming)表示已经安排好的近期计划;intend to / must be 等也能表达将来。另外,在 the moment / as soon as / when 引导的时间状语从句里要用一般现在时表示将来。本课算命人的预言把这些形式都用上了。

结构

形式 结构 例子
will + 动词原形 主语 + will + do You will get a big surprise.
将来进行时 主语 + will be + doing She will be arriving this evening.
现在进行时表将来 主语 + is / are + doing(近期安排) A relation of yours is coming to see you.
be going to 主语 + is going to + do She is going to stay for a few days.
时间从句用现在时 The moment / As soon as + 一般现在时, 主句 + will The moment you leave this tent, you will get a surprise.
否定 / 疑问 will not (won't) + do / Will + 主语 + do? Will she be here in an hour?

课文中的例句

补充例句

易错点

逐句语法分析 · 11 句
  1. 1At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky.

    在一次乡村集市上,我决定去拜访一位名叫贝林斯基夫人的算命人。

    一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 地点状语 + 主语 + decided to + 动词原形 + 宾语 + 过去分词短语作定语

    • decide to do 决定做
    • called Madam Bellinsky 是过去分词短语作后置定语

    叙述框架用一般过去时;called … 修饰 fortune-teller,表示“名叫”。

  2. 2I went into her tent and she told me to sit down.

    我走进她的帐篷,她让我坐下。

    一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 主语 + went into + 地点 and 主语 + told + 宾语 + to do

    • tell sb to do 让某人做
    • 两个过去式动词由 and 连接

    并列的两个过去时分句;told me to sit down 是祈使内容的转述。

  3. 3After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: 'A relation of yours is coming to see you.

    我给了她一些钱之后,她望着一个水晶球说道:“你的一位亲戚就要来看你了。

    过去完成时 + 一般过去时 + 现在进行时表将来 (Past Perfect + Simple Past + Present Continuous for Future) · After 从句(had given)+ 主语 + looked … and said: 引语(is coming)

    • had given 过去完成时,表示比 looked 更早
    • is coming to see you 是现在进行时表示安排好的将来
    • a relation of yours 双重所有格

    after 从句用过去完成时;引语中 is coming 表示即将发生的安排。

  4. 4She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days.

    她今晚就会到达,并打算住上几天。

    将来进行时 + 一般现在时 (Future Continuous + Simple Present) · 主语 + will be + doing + 时间 and 主语 + intends to + 动词原形

    • will be arriving 是将来进行时,表示按计划会发生
    • intend to do 打算做
    • for a few days 表示一段时间

    将来进行时使预言显得自然而确定;intends to 补充她的打算。

  5. 5The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise.

    你一走出这个帐篷,就会大吃一惊。

    一般现在时表将来 + 一般将来时 (Present for Future + Simple Future) · The moment + 一般现在时从句, 主语 + will + 动词原形

    • The moment 相当于 as soon as,引导时间从句
    • 时间从句用 leave 而不是 will leave
    • 主句 will get 表将来

    典型的“主将从现”:从句用一般现在时,主句用 will。

  6. 6A woman you know well will rush towards you.

    一位你很熟悉的女人会朝你冲过来。

    一般将来时 (Simple Future) · 主语 + 定语从句(you know well)+ will + 动词原形 + 方向状语

    • you know well 是省略关系词的定语从句
    • will rush 表示预测

    主语 A woman 被定语从句修饰;谓语 will rush 是对将来的预言。

  7. 7She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all.'

    她会跟你说话,然后把你从这个地方带走。就这些。”

    一般将来时 (Simple Future) · 主语 + will speak to + 宾语 and then + 主语 + will lead + 宾语 + away from + 地点

    • 两个 will 并列,用 and then 表示先后
    • lead sb away from 把某人带离
    • That is all 表示“就这些”

    连续两个 will 动作表示预言中的先后顺序。

  8. 8As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me.

    我一走到外面,就把贝林斯基夫人忘得一干二净,因为我妻子朝我匆匆走来。

    一般过去时 (Simple Past) · As soon as 从句 + 主语 + forgot + 宾语 + because 原因从句

    • as soon as 一……就……
    • forget all about 完全忘记
    • hurry towards 朝……匆忙走来

    回到叙述,全部用一般过去时;because 说明为什么忘了算命人。

  9. 9'Where have you been hiding?' she asked impatiently.

    “你躲到哪儿去了?”她不耐烦地问道。

    现在完成进行时 (Present Perfect Continuous) · Where + have + 主语 + been + doing? + 主语 + asked + 副词

    • have been hiding 是现在完成进行时,强调一直在做
    • 特殊疑问句语序:疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语

    妻子问“你一直躲在哪儿”,用现在完成进行时表示持续到现在。

  10. 10'Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already.'

    “你姐姐不到一个小时就要到了,我们必须去车站接她。我们已经晚了。”

    一般将来时 + 情态动词 must (Simple Future + must) · 主语 + will be + 地点 + in + 时间 and 主语 + must be + 地点 + 不定式目的状语 + 主语 + are + 表语

    • will be here in less than an hour 中 in 表示“多久之后”
    • must be 表示必须
    • to meet her 是目的状语

    will be 表将来;in 加时间表示将来多久之后;must 表示义务。

  11. 11As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair.

    她走开时,我跟着她出了集市。

    一般过去时 (Simple Past) · As 时间从句 + 主语 + followed + 宾语 + out of + 地点

    • As 在此表示“当……时”
    • follow sb out of 跟着某人走出

    as 引导时间从句,两个动作同时发生,都用一般过去时。

练习 · 44 题

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总计 0/44
  1. 选择正确答案

    1. The moment you ____ this tent, you will get a big surprise.

  2. 选择正确答案

    2. She ____ this evening and intends to stay for a few days.

  3. 选择正确答案

    3. A relation of yours ____ to see you.

  4. 选择正确答案

    4. A woman you know well ____ towards you.

  5. 选择正确答案

    5. Your sister will be here ____ less than an hour.

  6. 选择正确答案

    6. We ____ at the station to meet her. We are late already.

  7. 选择正确答案

    7. She will speak to you and then she ____ you away from this place.

  8. 选择正确答案

    8. After I ____ her some money, she looked into a crystal ball.

  9. 选择正确答案

    9. 'Where ____ you ____?' she asked impatiently.

  10. 选择正确答案

    10. At a village fair, I decided ____ a fortune-teller.