语法

1Busmen have decided to go on strike next week.

公共汽车司机已决定下周罢工。

现在完成时 (Present Perfect) · 主语 + have decided + to do + 时间状语

• have decided 表示已经作出决定
• decide to do 后接不定式
• go on strike 意为"举行罢工"

现在完成时说明决定已经做出，next week 说明罢工是将来的计划。

2The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.

罢工定于星期二开始。

一般现在时 (Simple Present) · 主语 + is due to + 动词原形 + 时间状语

• be due to do 意为"定于…"
• 表示按安排将要发生的事
• on Tuesday 是具体日期

be due to 是表达安排好的将来的另一种方式，与 be going to 类似。

3No one knows how long it will last.

谁也不知道它会持续多久。

一般现在时 + 一般将来时 (Simple Present + Simple Future) · No one + knows + how long + 主语 + will + 动词原形

• will last 表示对将来的预测
• how long it will last 是宾语从句，陈述语序
• no one 作主语，动词用单数

没有人能预知罢工会持续多久，单纯预测用 will。

4The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.

司机们声明，罢工将一直持续到就工资和工作条件达成普遍协议为止。

现在完成时 + 一般将来时 (Present Perfect + Simple Future) · 主语 + have stated + that + 主语 + will continue + until + 主语 + is reached

• will continue 表示预测
• until 从句用一般现在时 is reached 表将来
• is reached 是被动语态

主句预测用 will，until 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时（被动）代替将来时。

5Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a week.

大多数人认为罢工至少会持续一个星期。

一般现在时 + 一般将来时 (Simple Present + Simple Future) · 主语 + believe + that + 主语 + will last + for + 时间段

• believe that 后面表达看法用 will
• at least 意为"至少"
• for a week 表示持续时间

表达对将来的看法和预测，用 will last。

6Many owners of private cars are going to offer 'free rides' to people on their way to work.

许多私家车的车主打算向上班途中的人们提供“免费搭车”。

一般将来时 be going to (Future with be going to) · 主语 + are going to + offer + 宾语 + to + 人 + 状语

• are going to offer 表示事先打算好的计划
• offer sth. to sb. 意为"向某人提供"
• on their way to work 意为"在上班路上"

本课核心句：车主们已经计划好要提供免费搭车，用 be going to。

7This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent.

这将在一定程度上减轻火车的压力。

一般将来时 (Simple Future) · This + will relieve + 宾语 + on + 名词 + to some extent

• will relieve 表示预测的结果
• relieve pressure on 意为"减轻…的压力"
• to some extent 意为"在某种程度上"

对前一句行动结果的预测，用 will。

8Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts.

与此同时，一些大学生已自愿在罢工期间驾驶公共汽车。

现在完成时 (Present Perfect) · Meanwhile, + 主语 + have volunteered + to do + while 从句 (一般现在时)

• have volunteered 表示已经报名
• volunteer to do 意为"自愿做"
• while the strike lasts 用一般现在时表将来

现在完成时说明学生已报名，while 从句用一般现在时代替将来时。

9All the students are expert drivers, but before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.

所有这些学生都是驾驶能手，但在驾驶任何一辆公共汽车之前，他们都必须通过一项特殊的考试。

一般现在时 + 一般将来时 (Simple Present + Simple Future) · 主语 + are + 表语, but before + 主语 + drive + 宾语, 主语 + will have to + 动词原形

• will have to pass 表示将来必须做
• before 从句用一般现在时 drive 表将来
• any of the buses 意为"任何一辆公共汽车"

before 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用 will have to。

10The students are going to take the test in two days' time.

学生们将在两天后参加考试。

一般将来时 be going to (Future with be going to) · 主语 + are going to + take + 宾语 + in + 时间 + time

• are going to take 表示已安排好的计划
• in two days' time 意为"两天后"
• two days' 是名词所有格

考试已经安排好，用 be going to；in … time 表示从现在起多久之后。

11Even so, people are going to find it difficult to get to work.

即使如此，人们还是会发现上班很困难。

一般将来时 be going to (Future with be going to) · Even so, + 主语 + are going to + find + it + 形容词 + to do

• are going to find 根据当前情况作判断
• find it difficult to do：it 作形式宾语
• even so 意为"即便如此"

根据眼前迹象判断人们上班会有困难，用 be going to。

12But so far, the public has expressed its gratitude to the students in letters to the Press.

但到目前为止，公众已通过给报界写信的方式向学生们表达了感激之情。

现在完成时 (Present Perfect) · But so far, + 主语 + has expressed + 宾语 + to + 人 + in + 方式

• so far 常与现在完成时连用
• the public 作单数，用 has
• express gratitude to sb. 意为"向某人表示感谢"

so far 表示"到目前为止"，配现在完成时 has expressed。

13Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!

只有一两个人反对说，学生们会把车开得太快！

现在完成时 + 一般将来时 (Present Perfect + Simple Future) · Only + 主语 + have objected + that + 主语 + will drive + 副词

• have objected 现在完成时
• will drive 表示担心的预测
• too fast 意为"太快"

object that 后的宾语从句用 will 表示对将来的担忧和预测。