语法

1A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop.

一位穿牛仔裤的妇女站在一家高档商店的橱窗前。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 主语 + 介词短语后置定语 + 动词过去式 + 地点状语

• in jeans 作后置定语修饰 A woman
• stood 是 stand 的过去式

in jeans 修饰名词 woman，说明她的穿着；at the window of … 是地点状语。

2Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.

虽然她犹豫了一会儿，但最后还是走了进去，要求看一看橱窗里的一件连衣裙。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · Though 让步状语从句 + 主句（并列谓语）+ 定语从句

• Though 引导让步从句，主句前不能再加 but
• asked to see 后接不定式
• that was in the window 是定语从句修饰 dress

went in 和 asked 是并列谓语；that 引导定语从句说明是哪条裙子。

3The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.

接待她的店员不喜欢她的穿着。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 主语 + 定语从句 + did not like + 宾语 + 定语从句

• who served her 修饰 The assistant
• the way she was dressed 中省略了关系词 that/in which

the way + 从句表示“……的方式”，从句里 was dressed 是被动语态。

4Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold.

他轻蔑地瞥了她一眼，告诉她那件连衣裙已经卖掉了。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 现在分词短语作状语 + 主语 + told + 间接宾语 + that 宾语从句

• Glancing … 是分词短语作伴随状语，逻辑主语是 he
• 宾语从句中 was sold 是被动语态

分词短语描述 he 说话时的动作；that 从句是 told her 的内容。

5The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day.

那位妇女气愤地走出商店，决定第二天教训一下那个店员。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 主语 + 并列谓语（walked out … and decided to …）

• decide to do 后接不定式
• next day 作时间状语

两个过去式动词并列；decided to punish 表示决定要做的事。

6She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.

第二天上午她又回到那家商店，穿着一件皮大衣，一只手拎着手提包，另一只手拿着一把长柄伞。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · 主语 + returned + 地点 + 时间 + 过去分词短语 + with 独立结构

• dressed in a fur coat 是过去分词作状语，表示状态
• with + 名词 + 介词短语 表示伴随
• one … the other 表示两者中的一个和另一个

dressed 表示被动状态；with 结构补充说明她手里拿着什么。

7After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress.

她找到那个无礼的店员之后，要求看那件同样的连衣裙。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · After + 现在分词短语 + 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语

• After seeking out 是连词 + 分词结构
• ask for 表示“要求得到”

after 后接动名词/分词短语表示时间先后，逻辑主语是 she。

8Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time.

店员没有认出她是谁，这次急切地要为她服务。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · Not + 现在分词短语 + 主语 + was eager to + 动词原形

• Not realizing 是分词的否定形式，表原因
• who she was 是宾语从句，用陈述语序
• be eager to do 急于做某事

分词否定把 not 放在分词前；宾语从句 who she was 不用倒装。

9With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress.

他费了好大的劲才爬进橱窗去取那件连衣裙。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · With 介词短语 + 主语 + climbed into + 地点 + 不定式目的状语

• With great difficulty 表示方式
• to get the dress 是不定式作目的状语

介词短语放句首表示方式；不定式说明爬进橱窗的目的。

10As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it.

那位妇女一看到它，就说她不喜欢。

一般过去时 (Simple Past) · As soon as 时间状语从句 + 主语 + said + 宾语从句

• As soon as 一……就……
• 宾语从句省略了 that，did not like 与 said 时态一致

as soon as 引导时间从句；宾语从句时态和主句保持一致，用过去式。

11She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.

她开心地让那个店员把橱窗里几乎所有的东西都拿了出来，最后才买下她最初要看的那件连衣裙。

一般过去时 + 过去完成时 (Simple Past + Past Perfect) · 主语 + enjoyed herself + 现在分词短语 + before + 动名词 + 定语从句

• making the assistant bring 是分词短语作伴随状语，make sb do
• before buying 中 before 后用动名词
• had first asked for 是过去完成时，表示更早的动作

enjoy oneself doing 表示享受做某事；had asked 发生在 buying 之前。